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Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!

 
Digital mix guy
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07/08/2021 02:14 PM

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Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
New parts of what seems to have been a luxurious banqueting hall featuring a spectacular wall of fountains, erected west of the Temple Mount about 2,000 years ago, were unveiled to the public on Thursday.

The structure dates to the Second Temple period, but the question is, which part of that period, which touches on who built not only the edifice but the Temple Mount compound next door.

This monumental edifice was revealed in stages. In fact, part of it – the eastern hall later dubbed the “Freemasons Hall” and even later the “Herodian Hall” – had been discovered in 1867. Further exploration was pursued in 1966; then, after the Six-Day War, debris from centuries on the site was cleared, revealing some more.

Decades later, from 2007 to 2012, archaeologists frustrated by the contemporary realities hampering archaeological investigation of ancient Jerusalem started digging a tunnel along the length of the Western Wall and by Wilson’s Arch, beneath present-day buildings. Much of the tunnel runs beneath the Old City’s Muslim Quarter. The purpose: to investigate the subterranean parts of the Western Wall and its vicinity.

In the course of this tunneling project on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, in 2007 the late Alexander Onn discovered the building’s western hall. It was identical to the eastern hall.

Further exploration in the following years found the central portion of the building: a spectacular space going the full length of the building, with the two halls on either side – and featuring a water reservoir, in front of which was a 1.4-meter-thick (4.5-foot) inner wall through which water was fed by lead pipes, and spouted through Corinthian capitals into the room. The water drained through a channel cut into the paving stones, though its final destination is not known.



[link to www.haaretz.com (secure)]
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07/08/2021 02:15 PM

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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
Continued:

One source of the belief that Herod built the Second Temple and expanded the compound is none other than Josephus, who says the king built on a project by King Solomon: Creating the platform on which the temple sat, by expanding the upper face of the mountain. “Solomon made all these things for the honor of God, with great variety and magnificence” (Antiquities 8:95).

The new wrinkle is that this “Herodian Hall” building had to have been built before the Western Wall and Wilson’s Arch, which is perfectly integrated into the Western Wall, the archaeologists now say. It was recently realized that the “Herodian Hall” had apparently been erected a decade or two after Herod’s death, Weksler-Bdolah tells Haaretz.

That supports the theory that Herod began the monumental expansion of the Temple Mount compound, but didn’t live to finish it. The compound project seems to have been completed sometime between the years 30 and 70, when the Romans tore down the temple.
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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
But she adds that the building only served for a short period. A quake shook Jerusalem in about 33 C.E., damaging the building and causing the upper parts of Wilson’s Arch to collapse. Later, apparently in about 59 C.E., construction in the vicinity of the building resumed but the building itself was restructured and its inner space was divided into three separate vaulted halls, with water reservoirs installed in the western and central halls, the archaeologists say.

Today, all that remains above ground of the Second Temple complex is the Western Wall, whose monumental first course has been revealed in the tunnel. That almost 70-meter stretch is part of the monumental four walls that the king had built around the temple courtyard. Originally, this retaining western wall had been almost half a kilometer long, archaeologists estimate. The rest of the compound was destroyed or covered up by later and modern construction – which is where the Western Wall tunnel entered our story.
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07/08/2021 02:16 PM

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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
Further investigation showed that all 29 of the shark teeth were fossils, the researchers say. In other words, somebody in ancient Jerusalem, shortly after the legendary reign of King Solomon, collected mineralized shark dentition from the time of the dinosaurs.

[link to www.haaretz.com (secure)]

Last Edited by Digital mix guy Spock on 07/08/2021 02:17 PM
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07/08/2021 02:17 PM

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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
There is a mystery in human evolution. As we progressed from knuckle-walking to striding, from swinging from branches to throwing rocks and then spears, surely our tools developed in parallel. Right?

Put backwards, many assume that inferences can be made about our evolutionary state going by our industry. Right?

Well, there’s a snag. What does it mean that stone choppers, among the earliest tools, persisted for around two million years, and stone “Acheulean” hand axes for over a million years? The upscale Levallois-style tools were also used for hundreds of thousands of years. Did our evolution stagnate in that time?

It did not. Evolution is the nature of all things, but in thrall to neophilia (“love of the new”), and we tend to view human evolution through the prism of physical and mental change. Leaving the trees for the savanna necessitated physical and mental changes. Among other things, we grew: we’re about a third bigger than our australopithecine predecessors. Now, Dr. Meir Finkel and Prof. Ran Barkai of Tel Aviv University offer a paradigm-changing interpretation, published in Science Direct (Anthropology) of the stasis in these basic tools in the context of our continuing development.

[link to www.haaretz.com (secure)]
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Digital mix guy  (OP)

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07/08/2021 02:18 PM

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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
July 2021:

Before the invention of coinage bearing images of religious icons, emperors and local egomaniacs, the peoples of the prehistoric southern Levant were using bits and bobs of practically pure silver as money, or as pre-money, depending on whom you ask. It is perhaps ironic that the silver the ancient Israelites and their predecessors in the region used had itself to be imported, and would have been “paid for” by barter, i.e., with other commodities.

The provenance of the silver exchanging hands in the prehistoric, Canaanite and Israelite southern Levant was reported at the Goldschmidt Geochemistry Conference this week by a collaboration of French, Israeli and Australian scientists and numismatists: Liesel Gentelli, Janne Blichert-Toft, Francis Albarede of the CNRS and Université de Lyon, Gillan Davis of Macquarie University, and Haim Gitler of the Israel Museum.

To be clear, the outcome is not a huge shock. There is no silver ore in the Levant.

“Even before coinage there was international trade, and Hacksilber was one of the commodities being exchanged for goods,” Gentelli told the conference.


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07/08/2021 02:18 PM

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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
From about 15,000 to 11,000 years ago, northern Israel and the Levant were the fief of a culture known as the Natufians, who emblemize the process of transition from a life of hunting and gathering to sedentarism.

These Neolithic people buried their dead in cemeteries – sometimes with heaps of dead animals and elaborate grave goods – and they seem to have been among the earliest producers of beer. They even began to experiment with baking proto-pita on open fires, and at least some of them hunted gazelles and other animals for their dinner with the help of dogs.

Quaffing and hunting aside, one of the hallmarks of Natufian culture was giant mortars. Some were stand-alone specimens that could be moved around, but most were fixed in place, carved out of the dolomite bedrock of the region. That's how we know what rock the giant mortars were made of, and when they were carved out of the local bedrock.

The pestles, however, are another story. It was clear they were made of volcanic basalt, but where was the rock sourced from? This is mainly of interest for the light it could shed on Natufian mobility and social mores.

[link to www.haaretz.com (secure)]
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Anonymous Coward
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07/08/2021 02:21 PM
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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
Makes sense.

bump
beeches

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07/08/2021 05:12 PM

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Re: Breaking! Banqueting Hall of King Herod unveiled, next to and underneath the Temple Mount!!
great post OP!




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