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50 Types of Propaganda | |
| milehighmike
Offer Upgrade  User ID: 339344  United States05/31/2013 09:29 AM  Report Abusive Post Report Copyright Violation | Thought this might be useful info for the good denizens of GLP! 50 Types of Propaganda [link to www.dailywritingtips.com] "Are you a propagandist? If you write nonfiction intended to persuade, yes, by a broad definition, you almost certainly are. Here are fifty terms for, and definitions of, forms of propaganda, at least one of which such writers will likely employ in a given piece of content. Propaganda (the word is from a New Latin term meaning “propagating,” synonymous in this connotation with publicizing) has been defined as “communication intended to shape perceptions, manipulate cognition, and direct behavior.” That’s a broad definition — a narrower one would limit propaganda to willful, prejudicial manipulation of information — but it helps writers and readers understand that because almost any content can be considered propaganda, they must be alert to the subtext of almost any content they produce or consume. 1. Ad hominem: attacking opponents rather than opponents’ ideas or principles 2. Ad nauseam: repeating ideas relentlessly so that the audience becomes inured to them 3. Appeal to authority: use of authority figures (or perceived authority figures such as celebrities) to support ideas 4. Appeal to fear: exploitation of audience anxieties or concerns 5. Appeal to prejudice: exploitation of an audience’s desire to believe that it is virtuous or morally or otherwise superior 6. Bandwagon: exploitation of an audience’s desire to conform by encouraging adherence to or acceptance of idea that is supposedly garnering widespread or universal support 7. Beautiful people: depiction of attractive famous people or happy people to associate success or happiness with adherence to an idea or cause or purchase of a product 8. Black-and-white fallacy: presentation of only two alternatives, one of which is identified as undesirable 9. Classical conditioning: association of an idea with another stimulus 10. Cognitive dissonance: using a favorable stimulus to prompt acceptance of an unfavorable one, or producing an unfavorable association 11. Common man: adoption of mannerisms and/or communication of principles that suggest affinity with the average person 12. Cult of personality: creation of an idealized persona, or exploitation of an existing one, as a spokesperson for an idea or a cause 13. Demonizing the enemy: dehumanizing or otherwise denigrating opponents to sway opinion 14. Dictat: mandating adherence to an idea or cause by presenting it as the only viable alternative 15. Disinformation: creating false accounts or records, or altering or removing existing ones, to engender support for or opposition to an idea or cause 16. Door in the face: seeking compliance with a request by initially requesting a greater commitment and then characterizing the desired outcome as a compromise or a minor inconvenience 17. Euphoria: generating happiness or high morale by staging a celebration or other motivating event or offer 18. Fear, uncertainty, and doubt: disseminating false or negative information to undermine adherence to an undesirable belief or opinion 19. Flag waving: appealing to nationalism or patriotism 20. Foot in the door: manipulation by encouraging a small gift or sacrifice, which establishes a bond that can be exploited to extract more significant compliance 21. Glittering generalities: applying emotionally appealing but vague and meaningless words to an idea or cause 22. Half-truth: making a statement that is partly true or only part of the truth, or is otherwise deceptive 23. Inevitable victory: assurance of uncommitted audience members and reassurance of committed audience members that an idea or cause will prevail 24. Join the crowd: communication intended to persuade the audience to support an idea or cause because it is or will be the dominant paradigm 25. Labeling or name-calling: using euphemistic or dysphemistic terms to encourage a positive or negative perception of a person, an idea, or a cause... "Successful people are always looking for opportunities to help others. Unsuccessful people are always asking, 'What's in it for me?'" — Brian Tracy: Personal and business training author, speaker, and consultant "We are all, right now, living the life we choose." -- Peter McWilliams, Author "The bad news is time flies. The good news is you're the pilot." -- Michael Altshuler |
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